Friday 27 September 2013

Nursing Mnemonics Best Collection for Students

mnemonics
Many Nursing students are regular readers of my blog. So today I am sharing best mnemonics collection for nursing students all over the world.These mnemonics are collected from various offline and online sources including text books.If you know any other nursing mnemonics please share via comments.




Don't forget to visit my other best posts in Mnemonics section. 

Nursing Care for Sprains and Strains (RICE)

R- Rest
I - Ice
C - Compression
E- Elevation

Care of Client in Traction (TRACTION)

T- Temperature (Extremity, Infection)
R - Ropes hang freely
A - Alignment
C - Circulation Check (5 P's)
T- Type & Location of fracture
I - Increase fluide intake
O - Overhead trapeze
N - No weights on bed or floor

 

 

Steps in the Nursing Process
ADPIE (A Delicious PIE)

A-ssessment
D- iagnosis
P-lanning
I-mplementation
E-valuaton

 

Acid-Base (ROME)

R-espiratory
O-pposite
M-etabolic
E-qual

CANCER'S Early Warning Signs
CAUTION UP

C-hange in bowel or bladder
A- lesion that does not heal
U-nusual bleeding or discharge
T-hickening or lump in breast or elsewhere
I-ndigestion or difficulty swallowing
O-bvious changes in wart or mole
N-agging cough or persisten hoarseness
U-nexplained weight loss
P-ernicious Anemia

CANCER Interventions

C-omfort
A-ltered Body Image
N-utrition
C-hemotherapy
E-valuate response to meds
R-espite for caretakers

Hypoglycemia (TIRED)
- an abnormal decrease of blood in the sugar

T-achycardia
I-rritability
R-estless
E-xcessive Hunger
D-iaphoresis/ Depression

Adrenal Gland Hormones (SSS)

S-ugar (Glucocorticoids)
S-alt (Mineralcorticoids)
S-ex (Androgens)

Pulmonary Edema (MAD DOG)

M-Morphine
A-Aminophylline
D- Digitalis

D-Diuretics (Lasix)
O- Oxygen
G- ases (Blood Gases ABG's)

5 P's of Circulatory Checks

P-Pain
P-Paresthesia
P-Paralysis
P-Pulse
P-Pallor (Paleness)

Hypertension Nursing Care (DIURETIC)

D-aily Weight
I- ntake and Output (I & O)
U- rine Output
R-esponse of BP
E-lectrolytes
T-ake Pulses
I-schemic Episodes (TIA)
C-omplications: 4C's

 

Evalution of Episiotomy Healing (REEDA)

R- Redness
E- Edema
E - Ecchymosis
D - Discharge, Drainage
A - Approximation

Evalution of Episiotomy Healing (REEDA)

R- Redness
E- Edema
E - Ecchymosis
D - Discharge, Drainage
A - Approximation

Post-Partum Assessment (BUBBLE)

B-reasts
U-terus
B-owels
B-ladder
L-ochia
E-pisiotomy/lateration/C-section incision

Tracheal Esophageal Fistula (3 C's)

C- Choking
C- Coughing
C - Cyanosis

Cleft Lip - Post Op Care (CLEFT LIP)

C-hoking
L-ie on back
E-valuate Airway
F-eed Slowly
T-eaching

L-arger nipple opening
I-ncidence incerase in males
P-revent crust formation and aspiration

Situations requiring Crisis Situation: RAPE

R- Ruthless
A- Abusive
P- Personal
E- Experience

Warning Signs of a Child Abuse/ Neglect: CHILD ABUSE

C-hild's excessive knowledge on sex & abusive words
H-air growth in various lengths
I-nconsistent stories from the child & parent/s
L-ow self-esteem
D-epression

A-pathy, no emotion
B-ruised
U-nusual injuries
S-erious injuries
E-vidence of old injuries not reported

The HYPERKALEMIA "Machine" - Causes of Increased Serum K+

M - Medications - ACE inhibitors, NSAIDS
A - Acidosis - Metabolic and respiratory
C - Cellular destruction - Burns, traumatic injury
H - Hypoaldosteronism, hemolysis
I - Intake - Excesssive
N - Nephrons, renal failure
E - Excretion - Impaired

MURDER
Signs and Symptoms of Increased Serum K+

M - Muscle weakness
U - Urine, oliguria, anuria
R- Respiratory distress
D - Decreased cardiac contractility
E - ECG changes
R - Reflexes, hyperreflexia, or areflexia (flaccid)

To remember which blood types are compatible, visualize the letter "O" as an orb representing the universe, because type O blood is the universal donor blood. Patients with any blood type can receive it. But O also means "odd man out": Patients with type O blood can receive only type O blood. Think BEEP to remember the signs of minor bleeding:

B: Bleeding gums
E: Ecchymoses (bruises)
E: Epistaxis (nosebleed)
P: Petechiae (tiny purplish spots)

Having difficulty distinguishing hypoplasia from hyperplasia?

When you see plasia in any word, think of "plastic." Plastic, in turn, means forming or developing. As for hypo and hyper, that's the easy part. Hypo means under, or below normal. Hyper means excessive, or above normal. Thus, hypoplasia means underdevelopment, and hyperplasia means overdevelopment.

To remember the four causes of cell injury, think of how the injury tipped (or TIPD) the scale of homeostasis:

T: Toxin or other lethal (cytotoxic) substance
I: Infection
P: Physical insult or injury
D: Deficit, or lack of water, oxygen, or nutrients.

When asking assessment questions, remember the American Cancer Society's mnemonic device CAUTION:

C: Change in bowel or bladder habits
A: A sore that doesn't heal
U: Unusual bleeding or discharge
T: Thickening or lump
I: Indigestion or difficulty swallowing
O: Obvious changes in a wart or mole
N: Nagging cough or hoarseness.

Use the ABCD rule to assess a mole's malignant potential:

A: Asymmetry--Is the mole irregular in shape?
B: Border--Is the border irregular, notched, or poorly defined?
C: Color--Does the color vary (for example, between shades of brown, red, white, blue, or black)?
D: Diameter--Is the diameter more than 6 mm?

Side effects of steroids. The 5 S's.

Sick- easier to get sick
Sad-causes depression
Sex-increases libido
Salt-retains more and causes weight gain
Sugar-raises blood sugar

PERRLA

Pupils Equally Round and Reactive to Light and Accomodation

Learning the Systems of the Body?
MR DICE RUNS

M= Muscle
R= Respiratory

D=Digestive
I= Integumentary
C= Circulatory
E= Endocrine

R= Reproductive
U= Urinary
N= Nervous
S= Skeletal

Trouble figuring out which eye is which?

OS is left eye

OD is the right eye

You can remember which one is the right eye (OD), because you can make the D into an R - You just have to draw to stick legs on the bottom of the D. Write it down on paper, you'll see what I mean (it's hard to show you when all I can do is type)

S/S of Hyponatremia

S tupor/coma
A norexia, N&V
L ethargy
T endon reflexes decreased

L imp muscles (weakness)
O rthostatic hypotension
S eizures/headache
S tomach cramping

Immediate treatment of MI, think MONA:

M Morphine sulfate
O Oxygen
N Nitroglycerin
A ASA

Treatment of CHF, think UNLOAD FAST:

U sit Upright
N Nitro
L Lasix
O Oxygen
A Aminophylline
D Digoxin

F Fluids- decrease
A Afterload - decrease
S Sodium - decrease
T Tests: dig level, ABG, K+

Assistive devices -- Canes:

C Cane
O Opposite
A Affected
L Leg

Signs of a Cholinergic Crisis, think SLUD:

S Salivation
L Lacrimation
U Urination
D Defication

Memory Trick:Need to remember which kind of beta blocker has which action?

B1 Blocks the heart (you have only one heart)
B2 Blocks the lungs (you have two lungs)

fetal accelerations and decelerations!!!
Just remember VEAL CHOP

Variable Cord compression
Early Head compression
Accelerations OK
Late Placental insufficiency

Heart sounds:

S3= Heart fail-ure (3 syllables)
S4=Hy-per-ten-sion (4 syllables)

effects of anticholinergics:

Can't see
Can't pee
Can't spit
Can't --defecate

Nine-point Postpartum Assessment...
BUBBLEHER

B- Breasts
U- Uterus
B- Bladder
B- Bowel function
L- Lochia
E- Episiotomy
H- Homan's sign
E- Emotional Status
R- Respiratory System

The 5 P's of circulation loss in a limb.

Pain, Pallor, Pulselessness, Parasthesia, Poikilothermia

side effects & adverse reactions to immunizations:

F- Fever
I- Itching
S- Stiffness
H- Headache
E- Edema
R- Redness
F- Fussy
L- Localized Tenderness
A- Appetite decrease
G- General Aches Pains

HYPERNATREMIA
"You Are Fried"

F - Fever (low grade), flushed skin
R - Restless (irritable)
I - Increased fluid retention and increased BP
E - Edema (peripheral and pitting)
D - Decreased urinary output, dry mouth

Can also use this one:
SALT
S = Skin flushed
A = Agitation
L = Low-grade fever
T = Thirst

"CATS" of "HYPOCALCEMIA"

C - Convulsions
A- Arrhythmias
T - Tetany
S - Spasms and stridor

 

Remember that here in the USA you D drive on the right side of the road.
O= optical
A= auditory

AD - right ear
AS - left ear
AU - both ears

OD - right eye
OS - left eye
OU - both eyes

Mneumonic device for remembering questions to ask emergency room admits:

Car? (circumstances of event)
Please (precipitating events)
Listen (location of event)
To This: (Time of event)
Watch (when symptoms appeared)
Underage (unconsciousness after injury?)
Alcoholics (arrival time in ER)
Heading (hospital admits previously?)
Home (previous history/health status)
And (allergies)
Maybe (medications)
Flattening (fears for safety)
My (meal, time of last)
Poodle (period, time of last menstrual)
Dog (primary doctor, name and location of)
Tonight (tetanus, date of last immunization)

Everyone knows to make the ABCD (airway breathing circulation and neurologic disability) assessment first. Then as soon as possible, further assessment/intervention is done, which includes:

His (health history)
Head (head to toe assessment)
Is (insert monitoring devices -- caths, ECG, arterial lines)
So (splints for fractures)
Wide (wound care)
Olivia (other interventions)

The pathophysiology of ARDS:

Assault on the respiratory system
Respiratory distress
Decreased lung compliance
Severe respiratory failure

Diagnostic criteria of ARDS

Acute onset
Ratio (PaCO2/FiO2) <200 span="">
Diffuse infiltration
Swan-Ganz wedge pressure (PAWP) <18mm hg="" span="">

Complications of thrombolytic therapy: The 3 B's

Bleeding
Brady's (dysrhythmias)
Bloodclots (d/t excessive thrombin)

Complications of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB): The 3 H's

Hypothermia (to decrease O2 consumption)...Effects SVR (vasoconstriction) and causes myocardial depression (decreases contractility)
Hemodilution (to improve macrocirculation)...fluid shifting (third-spacing), e-lyte imbalances (K+, Mg+ & Ca++ often need replacing!)
Heparinzation (to prevent clots in circuit)...monitor aPTT.

Signs and symptoms of cardiac tamponade (Beck's Triad): The Three D's

Distant heart sounds
Distended jugular veins
Decreased pulse pressure (think of a narrow pulse pressure as opposed to a wide one)

Atrial Arrhythmias: ABCDE

Adenosine/amiodorone or anticoagulate (if Afib/Flutter has been present >48h)
Beta blockers
Calcium channel blockers
Digoxin
Electrocardiovert (if <48h span="">

For ventricular arrhythmias: AL

Amiodorone
Lidocaine

NSAID Drugs

N - Naproxen
S - Salicylates
A - Advil
I - Ibuprofen
D - Diclofenac
S - Sulinclac

8 A's for Hepatotoxic Drugs (Check SGPT/SGOT)

Antituberculosis
Anticonvulsant
S - sodium Luminal
G - gabapentin
P - phenytoin
T - tegretol
Anticancer
Aspirin
Alcohol
Antifamily (contraceptice pills)
Acetaminophen
Aflatoxins

Parkinson's Medications: "Ali Loves Boxing Matches"

A-Amantadine
L- Levodopa
B- Bromocriptine
M-MAO inhibitors

The 4 H's that invalidate a neuro exam:

Hypotension
Hpoxia
Hypoglycemia
Hypothermia*

Pinpoint pupils: Drugs, drops & nearly dead

Drugs: opiates
Drops: meds for glaucoma
Nearly dead: damage in the pons area of the brainstem

Dilated pupils: Fear, Fits & Fast Living

Fear: panic, extreme anxiety
Fits: seizures
Fast Living: cocaine, crack, phencyclidine (PCP)

 

ADLs (Activity of Daily Living)
BATTED

B-athing
A-mbulation
T-oileting
T-ransfers
E-ating
D-ressing

IADLS (Instrumental Activities of Daily Living) SCUM

S-hopping
C-ooking and Cleaning
U-sing telephone or transportaiton
M-anaging money and medications

Bleeding Precautions (RANDI)

R- Razor Electric/ Blades
A- Aspirin
N- No needles (esp. in small gauge)
D- Do decrease in needle sticks)
I - Injury (Protect from)

Canes and Walkers (COAL)

C- Cane
O- Opposite
A- Affected
L- Leg

Canes and Walkers (WWAL)
Wandering Wilma's Always Late

W- Walker
W- With
A- Affected
L - Leg

Common Causes of Transient Incontinence (DIAPPERS)

D-elirium
I-nfection
A-trophic Urethra
P-harmaceuticals
P-sychologic
E-xcess Urine Output
R-estricted Mobility
S-tool Impaction

Promotion of Normal Elimination (POOPER SCOOP)

P-osition
O-utput
O-ffer Fluids
P-rivacy
E-xercise
R-eport Results

S-ize (Amount)
C-onsistency
O-ccult Blood
O-dor
P-eristalsis

Emergency Trauma Assessment
(ABCDEFGHI)

A-irway
B-reathing
C-irculation
D-isability
E-xamine
F-ahrenheit
G-et Vitals
H-ead to Toe Assessment
I-ntervention

Trauma Surgery (AMPLE)
after initial assessment

A-llergies
M-edications
P-ast Medical History
L-ast Meal
E-vents Surrounding Injury

Trauma Surgery (AMPLE)
after initial assessment

A-llergies
M-edications
P-ast Medical History
L-ast Meal
E-vents Surrounding Injury

6 P's of Dyspnea

P- Pulmonary Bronchial Constriction
P- Possible Foreign Body
P- Pulmonary Embolus
P- Pneumothorax
P- Pump Failure
P- Pneumonia

Lidocaine Toxicity (SAMS)

S-lurred Speech
A-ltered Central Nervous System
M-uscle Twitching
S-eizures

 

TDCI (These Drugs Can Interact)

T - Theophyline
D - Dilantin
C - Coumadin
I - losone (Erythromycin)

Serious Complications of Oral Birth Control Pills (ACHES)

A- Abdominal Pain
C - Chest Pain
H - Headache
E - Eye Problems
S - Severe Leg Pain

Emergency Drugs to LEAN on

L- Lidocaine
E - Epinephrine
A- Atropine Sulfate
N - Narcan

Drugs for Bradycardia & low BP (IDEA)

I - Isoproterenol
D - Dopamine
E - Epinephrine
A - Atropine Sulfate

Cholinergic Crisis (SLUD)

S-alivation
L-acrimation
U-rination
D-efecation

Depression Assessment (SIG)

S-leep Disturbances
I-nterest Decreased
G-uilty Feelings

Energy Decreased (CAPS)

C-oncentration decreased
A-ppetite
P-sychomotor function decreased
S-uicidal Ideations

5 A's to Alzheimer Diagnosis

A-mnesia
A-nomia
A-praxia
A-gnosia
A-phasia

Major Symptoms of a Manic Attack (DIG FAST)

D- Distractibility
I - Indiscretion
G - Grandiosity

F- Flight of Ideas
A- Activity Increase
S- Sleep Deficit
T - Talkative

3 P's of Blindness

P- Preventable
P- Painless
P- Permanent

Symptoms of Hypoxia (in Pediatrics) - FINES

F-eeding difficulty
I-nspiratory Stridor
N-ares Flares
E-xpiratory Grunting
S-ternal Retractions

Management of ASTHMA

A-drenergics (Albuterol)
S-teroids
T-heophylline
H-ydration (IV)
M-ask (Oxygen)
A-ntibiotics

Epiglottitis (AIR RAID)

A-irway Closed
I-ncreased Pulse
R-estlessness

R-etractions
A-nxiety Increased
I-nspiratory Stridor
D-rooling

Blood Flow Through the Cardiac Valves (Tissue Paper My Assets)

T-ricuspid
P-ulmonic
M-itrial
A-ortic

Immediate Treatment of a Myocardial Infarction Client (MONA)

M- Morphine
O- Oxygen
N- Nitroglycerine
A- ASA

Treating CHF (UNLOAD FAST)

U-pright Position
N-itrates (in low dose)
L-asix
O-xygen
A-minophylline
D-igoxin

F-luids (decrease)
A-fterload (decrease)
S-odium restriction
T-est (Dig level, ABGs, K level)

DEMENTIA

Make sure they don't have problems with:

D-rug and alcohol
E-yes and ears
M-etabolic and endocrine disorders
E-motional disorders
N-eurologic disorders
T-umors and trauma
I-nfection
A-rteriovascular disease

Osteoporosis Risk Factors (ACCESS)

A-lcohol Use
C-orticosteroid Use
C-alcium low
E-strogen low
S-moking
S-edentary lifestyle/s

ACCESS leads to OSTEOPOROSIS

Who needs dialysis? (Check the vowels: AEIOU)

A- Acid-Base Problems
E- Electrolyte Problems
I- Intoxications
O- Overload of fluids
U - Uremic Symptoms

Prostate Problems are no... FUN

F- Frequency
U- Urgency
N- Nocturia

BRAT Diet (for severe dehydration)

B- Banana
R- Rice
A- Apple
T- Toasted Bread

Gluten Free Diet (ROW)

R- Rye
O- Oats
W- Wheat

Assess Changes in Senile Dementia (JAMCO)

J- Judgment
A- Affect
M- Memory
C- Cognition
O- Orientation

3 P's of Diabetes Mellitus - Type 1 Signs & Symptoms

P- Polyuria (excessive urination)
P- Polydypsia (excessive thirst)
P- Polyphagia (excessive hunger)

Right-Sided Heart Failure (HEAD)

H- Hepatomegaly
E- Edema (Bipedal)
A- Ascites
D- Distended Neck Vein

Left-Sided Heart Failure (CHOP)

C- Cough
H- Hemoptysis
O- Orthopnea
P- Pulmonary Congestion (crackles/ rales)

Hyperkalemia Management (KIND)

K- Kayexalate (orally/ enema)
I- Insulin
N- Na HCO3
D- Diuretics (Furosemide & Thiazides)

Management of Myocardial Infarction (MONATAS)

M- Morphine
O- Oxygen
N- Nitrates (Nitroglycerin)
A- Aspirin (ASA)
T- Thormbolytics
A- Anti-Coagulants
S- Stool Softeners

Electrolytes - PISO

P- Potassium
I- Inside
S- Sodium
O- Outside

Eating Disorder: ANOREXIA

A-menorrhea delayed
N-o organic factors accounts for weight loss
O-bviously thin but feels FAT
R-efusal to maintain normal body weight
E-pigastric discomfort is common
X-symptoms (peculiar symptoms)
I-ntense fears of gaining weight
A-lways thinking of foods

Symptoms of Leukemia (ANT)

A- Anemia
N- Neutropenia
T- Thrombocytopenia

Exercise Guide for Diabetic Fitness (FIT)

F - Frequency (3x per week)
I - Intensity (60-80% of Maximal Heart Rate)
T- Time (Aerobic Activity)

Symptoms of Hypoxia (RAT BED)

Early Hypoxia:
R-estlessness
A-nxiety
T-achycardia/ Tachypnea

Late Hypoxia:
B-radycardia
E-xtreme Restlessness
D-yspnea

 

Eating Disorder: BULIMIA

B-inge eating
U-nder strict dieting
L-acks control over-eating
I-nduced vomiting
M-inimum of to binge eating episodes
I-ncrease/Persistent concern of body size/shape
A-buse of diuretics & laxatives

Findings of a Bulimia client: WASHED

W-eight loss of 15% of original body weight
A-menorrhea
S-ocial withdrawal
H-istory of high activity & achievement
E-lectrolyte Imbalance
D-epression/ Distorted Body Image

Outcome of Alcoholism: BAD

B- Brain Damage
A- Alcoholic Hallucinosis
D- Death

5 D's of Behavioral Problems of Alcoholism

D- Denial
D- Dependency
D- Demanding
D- Destructive
D- Domineering

 

Breast self examination (i made a song out of this)

1 little 2, little 3 little fingers
Do BSE 7 days after menses
Press nipple once check for discharge
Call your doctor
I'm sure you will do it more...

Alkalosis and Acidosis

Alkalosis - has a 'k' - Kicking the pH up
Acidosis - has a 'd' - Dropping the pH down

Solutions: Isotonic, Hypotonic, Hypertonic

Isotonic - "Same as I" - the solution used will be the same as normal body fluid composition. Fluids remain inside intravascular space.

Hypotonic - "Hypo, hippo" - the solution pulls fluid from the intravascular space into the ICF - the cell "swells like a hippo".

For remembering the coronary arteries and which side they are on:
I have a RIGHT to CAMP if you LEFT off the AC

Right = Right
C=oronary
A=Artery
M=Marginal Artery
P=Posterior Interventricular Artery

Left=Left
A=Anterior Interventricular Artery
C=Circumflex Artery

 

Inflammation (HIPER)

H-eat
I-nduration
P-ain
E-dema
R-edness

 

4 C's of Hypertension (Complications)

C- Coronary Artery Disease
C- Coronary Rheumatic Fever
C- Congestive Heart Failure
C- Cardio Vascular Accident

Complications of Trauma Client (TRAUMATIC)

T-issue Perfusion Problems
R-espiratory Problems
A-nxiety
U-nstable Clotting Factors
M-alnutrition
A-ltered Body Image
T-hromboembolism
I-nfection
C-oping Problems

Cyanotic Defects: 4 T's

T- Tetralogy of Fallot
T- Truncus Arteriosus
T- Transportation of the Great Vessels
T- Tricuspid Atresia

Cranial Nerve Mnemonic 01

O-Lympic (Olfactory)
O-Pium (Optic)
O-Ccupies (Oculomotor)
T-ROubled (Trochlear)
T-RIathletes (Trigeminal)
A-fter (Abducens)
F-inishing (Facial)
V-Egas (Vestibulocochlear)
G-ambling (Glossopharyngeal)
V-Acations (Vagus)
S-till (Spinal Accessory)
H-igh (Hypoglossal)

Cranial Nerve Mnemonic 02

O- Oh
O- Oh
O- Oh
T- To
T- Touch
A- And
F - Feel
A
G - irl's
V - agina
S - So
H- Heavenly

Cranial Nerve Mnemonic 03

O- On
O -Old
O- Obando
T- Tower
T- Top
A-
F- Filipino
A - Army
G - Guards
V - Villages
A - And
H - Huts

Cranial Nerve Mnemonics
(Sensory, Motor or Both)

S - Some
S - Says
M- Marilyn
M- Monroe
B - But
M- My
B- Brother
S- Says
B- Bridget
B - Bardot
M- Mmm
M- Mmm

Cranial Nerve Mnemonics 02
(Sensory, Motor or Both)

S- Some
S- Say
M - Marry
M- Money
B- But
M- My
B - Brother
S- Says
B- Bad
B- Business
M - Marry
M - Money

OB Non-Stress Test (NNN)
3 negatives in a row to interpret results of Non-Stress Test

N - Non-reactive
N - Non- Stress is
N - Not good

Severe Pre-Eclampsia (HELLP)

H- emolysis
E- levated
L- iver function tests
L- ow
P- latelet count

Assessment Tests for Fetal Well-Being (ALONE)

A- Amniocentesis
L- L/S Ratio
O - Oxytocin Test
N - Non-Stress Test
E - Estriol Level

Don't forget to visit my other best posts in Mnemonics section. 

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