Anatomy Mnemonics Collections for Medical Students Set-2

Today I am happy to share set 2 of  medical anatomy mnemonics .These are collected from various offline and online sources including text books.If you know any other anatomy mnemonics please share via comments.

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2nd set

Perineal Body

"BLESS'D"

-Bulbospongiosus
-Levator ani
-External anal sphincter
-Superficial transverse perinei
-Sphincter urethra
-Deep transverse perinei

Muscles of the POSTERIOR compartment of LEG
"Go Pee Sam - Till Fanny Hurts Long, Fanny Drops
Long & POPs"
SUPERFICIAL GROUP:
•Gastrocnemius
•Plantaris
•Soleus
DEEP GROUP:
•Tibialis posterior
•Flexor Hallucis Longus
•Flexor Digitorum Longus
•POPliteus

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Pterygoid Muscles

"La"
your jaw is now open, so lateral opens mouth

"Me"
your jaw is still closed, so medial closes the mouth

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Relationship of Thoracic Duct to Esophagous and Azygous

"The duck is between two gooses."

AzyGOUS (right) and EsophaGUS (left)

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Retroperitoneal Structures in Abdomen

"SAD PUCKER"

-Suprarenal glands
-Aorta & IVC
-Duodenum (2nd and 3rd segments)
-Pancreas
-Ureters
-Colon (ascending & descending)
-Kidneys
-Esophagus (anterior & left covered)
-Rectum

112 212 111
(Primarily or secondarily)

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Rinne Test

"NO BS!!!"

Nerve = opposite side damage
Bone = same side damage

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Scalp Nerve Supply

"GGLASS"

-Greater occipital
-Greater auricular
-Lesser occipital
-Auriculotemporal
-Supratrochlear
-Supraorbital

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Sciatic Foramen Structures

"PIN & PINS"

-Posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh
-Inferior gluteal vessels and nerves
-Nerve to quadratus femoris

-Pudendal nerve
-Internal pudendal vessels
-Nerve to obturator internus
-Sciatic nerve

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Scrotum Layers

"Some Days Eddie Can Irritate People Very Thoroughly"

-Skin
-Dartos layer
-External spermatic fascia
-Cremaster muscle
-Internal spermatic fascia
-Parietal tunica vaginalis
-Visceral tunica vaginalis
-Tunica albuginea

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Spermatic Cord Contents

"Players Don't Contribute To A Good Sex Life"

-Pampiniform Plexus
-Ductus Deferens
-Cremasteric Artery
-Testicular Artery
-Artery of the Ductus Deferens
-Genitofemoral Nerve
-Sympathetic Nerve Fibers
-Lymphatic vessels

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Suprascapular Artery and Nerve

Army over Navy

Artery goes over the nerve

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Tarsal Bones

"Come try nice mozzarella in Lake Como."
(clockwise if left foot)

-Calcaneus
-Talus
-Navicular
-Medial cuneiform
-Intermediate cuneiform
-Lateral cuneiform
-Cuboid

(Not included: metatarsals, phalanges - toes)

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Tendons, Medial Malleolus (Ant to Post)

"Tom, Dick, And Very Nervous Harry"

-Tibian tendon
-(Flexor) Digitorum
-Artery (Posterior Tibial)
-Vein (Posterior Tibial)
-Nerve (Tibial)
-(Flexor) Hallucis

OR

"Tiny Dogs Are Not Hunters"

-Tibialis posterior muscle
-(Flexor) Digitorum longus muscle
-Artery (Posterior Tibial)
-Nerve (Tibial)
-(Flexor) Hallucis longus muscle

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Thoracoacromial Artery Branches

"CA Police Department"

-Clavicular
-Acromial
-Pectoral
-Deltoid

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Tibia: Muscles of Pes Anserinus (Medial Side)

"A Girl between Two Sargeants"

Gracilus is between Sartorius and Semitendonosus

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Trigeminal Nerve: where Branches exit Skull

"Standing Room Only"

-Superior Orbital Fissure
-Foramen Rotundum
-Foramen Ovale

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Types of Tonsils

"PPL"

People have different types:
-palatine
-pharyngeal
-laryngeal

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Ulnar Palsy

"BCDEF of Music"

-Book test
-Card test
-ADductor pollicis paralysed
-Egawa test
-Froment's sign
-Musicians nerve

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V3 innervated Muscles

"My A$$ Temporarily Meets The Toilet"

-Mylohyoid
-Anterior digastric
-Mastication
-Tensor veli palatini (also opens Eust. tube)
-Tensor tympani

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V3: Sensory Branches

"BAIL"

-Buccal (long)

-Auriculotemporal=formed by 2 roots surrounding middle meningeal that's approaching foramen spinosum

-Inf. alveolar=branches into nerve to mylohyoid(going to floor of mouth) and mental out of mental foramen

-Lingual=chorda tympani from CNVII joins lingual in infratemporal fossa carrying preganglionic parasympathetics to submandibular ganglion where postganglionic fibers travel via terminal branches of the lingual nerve to the SUBMANDIBULAR and SUBLINGUAL salivary glands

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Vasculature on the Back of Neck

"ANNA"

From either direction, occipital Artery, greater occipital Nerve, greater occipital Nerve, occipital Artery"

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Which is bigger- Tib or Fib?

"Little fib"

Fibula is smaller

Femoral artery: Branches

"Put My Leg Down Please"
•Profunda femoris
•Medial circumferential femoral artery
•Lateral circumferential femoral artery
•Descending genicular artery
•Perforating artery

Tarsal tunnel: Structures passing through

"Tiny Dogs Are Not Hunters"
•Tibialis posterior
•flexor Digitorum longus
•Posterior tibial artery
•Tibial nerve
•flexor Hallucis longus

4 Ab Muscles

"TIRE"

-Transversus
-Internal oblique
-Rectus abdominus
-External oblique

Abdominal Aorta Branches (Descending)

"Prostitutes Cause Sagging Swollen Red Testicles [in men] Living In Sin"

-Phrenic [inferior]
-Celiac
-Superior mesenteric
-Suprarenal [middle]
-Renal
-Testicular ["in men" only]
-Lumbars
-Inferior mesenteric
-Sacral

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Abductors vs. Adductors in Hand

"Dab the Pad"

Dorsal = abduct
Palmar = adduct

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Adductor Magnus Innervation

"AM SO!"

Adductor Magnus innervated by Sciatic and Obturator nerves

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Adductor Muscles of the Hip

"AAA, Pretty Good!"

-Adductor magnus
-Adductor longus
-Adductor brevis
-Pectineus
-Gracilis

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Anterior Comp't Leg

"TEA DEPt."

-Tibialis anterior
-Extensor hallucis longus
-Anterior tibial artery
-Deep peroneal nerve
-Extensor digitorum longus
-Peroneus tertius

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Anterior Forearm Muscles: Superficial

"Pass/Fail, Pass/Fail.... Fail"

-Pronator teres
-Flexor carpi radialis
-Palmaris longus
-Flexor carpi ulnaris
-Flexor digitorum superficialis

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Aortic Arch Branch Order

Just know your "ABC'S"

-Aortic arch
-Brachiocephalic trunk
-Common carotid
-Subclavian

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Atrioventricular valves

"LAB RAT"

Left atrium - bicuspid
Right atrium - tricuspid

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Axillary Artery Branches

"Screw The Lawyer, Save A Patient"

-Superior thoracic
-Thoracoacromial
-Lateral thoracic
-Subscapular
-Anterior circumflex humeral
-Posterior circumflex humeral

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.Muscles of MEDIAL compartment of the THIGH

" G.P. ADDs a Bloody Lot of Margarine " - make their
inner thighs flabby
•Gracilis
•Pectineus
•ADDUCTORS - Brevis, Longus, Magnus
Origin: All arise from Pubis, except Pectineus = Pubic
crest
Insertion: All are inserted to Femur, except Gracilis =
Tibia

Muscles of the LATERAL compartment of LEG

" Fly Long Superficial Fly Boy"
•Fibularis Longus
•Superficial fibular nerve = innervation for both
•Fibularis Brevis
6.Femoral triangle: Boundaries
"Femoral triangle is shaped like a SAIL":
•Sartorius
•Aductor longus
•Inguinal Ligament

Tarsal bones
"Tall Californian Navy Medcial Interns Lay Cuties" or
"Tiger Cubs Need MILC"
In order (right foot, superior to inferior, medial to
lateral):
•Talus
•Calcaneus
•Navicular
•Medial cuneiform
•Intermediate cuneiform
•Lateral cuneifrom
•Cuboid
Alternatively "Tiger Cubs Need MILC":

.Inversion and Eversion muscles of leg

Think: Inversion and Eversion muscles of leg follow
the "Second letter rule".
Eversion muscles:
•pEroneus longus
•pEroneus brevis
•pEroneus terius
Inversion muscles:
•tIbialis anterior
•tIbialis posterior

Anterior compartment of leg: Structures

" TEA DEPt. "
•Tibialis anterior
•Extensor hallucis longus
•Anterior tibial artery
•Deep peroneal nerve
•Extensor digitorum longus
•Peroneus tertius

Popliteal fossa: medial to lateral arrangement

"Serve And Volley Next Ball":
•Semimembranosus/ Semitendonosus
•Artery
•Vein
•Nerve
•Biceps femoris
•Lateral and medial heads of Gastrocnemius are
inferior borders

Carpal bones "Some Lovers Try Positions
That They Can't Handle":
· Proximal row then distal row, both lateral-to-medial:
Scaphoid
Lunate
Triquetrium
Pisiform
Trapezium
Trapezoid
Capate
Hamate
· Alternatively: "Scared Lovers..."
· Alternatively: "Senior Lecturers...".

Extrinsic muscles of tongue [for pro soccer fans] "Paris
St. Germain's Hour":
Palatoglossus
Styloglossus
Genioglossus
Hyoglossus
· PSG is a French soccer team (foreign), hence extrinsic comes to mind.

Autonomics to the gut "The PARAsympathetics follow a
rule of TWO" [pair = two]:
· The vagus does the top, the sacral splanchnics the outflow tract.
"The sympathetics follow a rule of threes":
· Greater, lesser, least splanchnic nerves go to the celiac,superior and
inferior mesenteric ganglion.

External carotid artery branches "Some Angry
Lady Figured Out PMS":
Superior thyroid
Ascending pharyngeal
Lingual
Facial
Occipital
Posterior auricular
Maxillary
Superificial temporal

Descending abdominal aorta: seven divisions "Sometimes
Intestines Get Really Stretched Causing Leakage":
Suprarenals [paired]
Inferior mesenteric
Gonadal [paired]
Renals [paired]
Superior mesenteric
Celiac
Lumbar [paired]

Vagus nerve: path into thorax "I Left my Aunt
in Vegas":
Left Vagus nerve goes Anterior descending into the thorax.

Carpal bones "Happy Cat Tom Took
Pie To Little Sister":
Hamate
Capitate
Trapezoid
Trapezium
Pisiform
Triquital
Lunate
Scaphoid

Brachial plexus: branches of posterior cord STAR:
Subscapular [upper and lower]
Thoracodorsal
Axillary
Radial

Saphenous veins: path of great vs. small at malleolus "MAGdelaine
has varicose veins" [The saphenous veins are important for varicose veins]:
Medial maleolus, Anterior to maleolus, and Great saphenous
go together.
Then the opposites of these go together: Small saphenous is posterior
to the lateral maleolus.

Menisci attachments in knee "Each meniscus has something
attached to it":
The medial meniscus has the medial collateral ligament.
The lateral meniscus is attached to the popliteal muscle.

Spermatic cord contents "3 arteries, 3 nerves,
3 other things":
3 arteries: testicular, ductus deferens, cremasteric.
3 nerves: genital branch of the genitofemoral, cremasteric, autonomics.
3 other things: ductus deferens, pampiniform plexus, lymphatics.
· Note some argument about this: Moore doesn't put in cremasteric nerve, Lumley
puts in inguinal...

Adductor magnus innervation "AM SO!":
Adductor Magnus innervated by Sciatic and Obturator.

Scalp layers SCALP:
· From superficial to deep:
Skin
Connective tissue
Aponeurosis
Loose areolar tissue
Pericranium

Lumbar plexus roots "2 from 1, 2 from 2, 2
from 3":
2 nerves from 1 root: Ilioinguinal (L1), Iliohypogastric (L1).
2 nerves from 2 roots: Genitofemoral (L1,L2), Lateral Femoral
(L2,L3).
2 nerves from 3 roots: Obturator (L2,L3,L4), Femoral (L2,L3,L4).

Female pelvic organs' blood supply "3 organs, each
get 2 blood supplies":
Uterus: uterine, vaginal.
Rectum: middle rectal, inferior rectal [inferior rectal is the end of pudendal].
Bladder: superior vesical, inferior vesical.

Cervical plexus: arrangement of the important nerves "GLAST":
· 4 compass points: clockwise from north on the right side of neck:
Great auricular
Lesser occipital
Accessory nerve pops out between L and S
Supraclavicular
Transverse cervical

Liver: side with ligamentum venosum/ caudate lobe vs. side with
quadrate lobe/ ligamentum teres "VC goes with VC":
The Venosum and Caudate is on same side as Vena Cava
[posterior]. Therefore, quadrate and teres must be on anterior by default.

Joints in the midline "SC":
In medial line, below Second Cervical, joints are Secondary
Cartilaginous and usually have a diSC.
· Notes: secondary cartilaginous is also known as symphysis. The one that
doesn't have a disc is xiphi-sternal.

Anterior forearm muscles: superficial group There are five,
like five digits of your hand.
Place your thumb into your palm, then lay that hand palm down on your other arm,
as shown in diagram.
Your 4 fingers now show distribution: spells PFPF [pass/fail, pass/fail]:
Pronator teres
Flexor carpi radialis
Palmaris longus
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Your thumb below your 4 fingers shows the muscle which is deep to the other
four: Flexor digitorum superficialis.

Median and ulnar nerves: common features Each supply 1/2 of
flexor digitorum profundus.
Each supplies 2 lumbricals.
Each has a palmar cutaneous nerve that pops off prematurely.
Each supplies an eminence group of muscles [ulnar: hypothenar. median: thenar].
Each enters forearm through two heads [ulnar: heads of flexor carpi ulnaris.
median: heads of pronator teres].
Each has no branches in upper arm.
Each makes two fingers claw when cut at wrist.
Each supplies a palmaris [median: palmaris longus. ulnar: palmaris brevis].

Thyroids: relative sizes Thyroid looks like a bra (see
picture).
Breasts are bigger in women, so thyroid bigger in women.
Pregnant women have biggest breasts of all, so they have the biggest thyroids.

Superior thyroid artery branches "May I Softly
Squeeze Charlie's Girl?":
Muscular
Infrahyoid
Superior laryngeal
Sternomastoid
Cricothyroid
Glandular

Abdominal muscles "Spare TIRE around their abdomen":
Transversus abdominis
Internal abdominal oblique
Rectus abdominis
External abdominal oblique

Perineal vs. peroneal Perineal is in between
the legs.
Peroneal is on the leg.

Cranial bones "PEST OF 6":
Parietal
Ethmoid
Sphenoid
Temporal
Occipital
Frontal
· The 6 just reminds that there's 6 of them to remember.

Deep tendon reflexes: root supply "1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8":
S1-2: ankle
L3-4: knee
C5-6: biceps, supinator
C7-8: triceps

L4 landmark: 2 items "B4U" [before you]:
Bifurcation of aorta
L4
Umbilicus

Bowel components "Dow Jones Industrial
Average Closing Stock Report":
· From proximal to distal:
Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum
Appendix
Colon
Sigmoid
Rectum
· Alternatively: to include the cecum, "Dow Jones Industrial
Climbing Average Closing Stock Report".

Lung lobes: segments of right middle lobe "ML=ML":
Segments of Middle Lobe are Medial & Lateral.

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